The proverbs
The whole corpus, in the order of the book. Each entry opens onto its word-by-word reading, its origin and its characters.
By form All ProverbsFour charactersUntranslatable wordsStories behind wordsHaiku · By theme PatiencePerseveranceWorkDisciplineRelationsCourageHumilityLearningLifeSetback & ReboundNatureTime ·
- 001 石の上にも三年 Even a stone grows warm if you sit on it for three years.
- 002 七転び八起き Fall seven times, rise eight.
- 003 千里の道も一歩から A journey of a thousand leagues begins with a single step.
- 004 継続は力なり Continuity is strength.
- 005 塵も積もれば山となる Even dust, piling up, becomes a mountain.
- 006 雨垂れ石を穿つ Dripping water wears through stone.
- 007 急がば回れ If you are in a hurry, take the long way round.
- 008 善は急げ What is good, do quickly.
- 009 思い立ったが吉日 The best day to begin is the day you think of it.
- 010 猿も木から落ちる Even monkeys fall from trees.
- 011 上手の手から水が漏れる Even skilled hands let water slip through.
- 012 失敗は成功のもと Failure is the foundation of success.
- 013 好きこそものの上手なれ What one loves, one will do well.
- 014 習うより慣れろ Practice beats being taught.
- 015 初心忘るべからず Never forget the beginner's spirit.
- 016 温故知新 Warm up the old to understand the new.
- 017 井の中の蛙大海を知らず The frog at the bottom of the well knows nothing of the great ocean.
- 018 百聞は一見に如かず Hearing a hundred times is not worth seeing once.
- 019 論より証拠 Proof beats argument.
- 020 花より団子 Dumplings over flowers.
- 021 猫に小判 Gold coins to a cat.
- 022 石橋を叩いて渡る Tap even a stone bridge before crossing it.
- 023 転ばぬ先の杖 A staff before the fall.
- 024 備えあれば憂いなし Where there is preparation, there is no worry.
- 025 念には念を入れよ To care, add care.
- 026 覆水盆に返らず Spilled water does not return to the tray.
- 027 後悔先に立たず Regret never comes first.
- 028 出る杭は打たれる The stake that sticks out gets hammered down.
- 029 能ある鷹は爪を隠す The skilled hawk hides its talons.
- 030 実るほど頭を垂れる稲穂かな The riper the rice ear, the lower it bows its head.
- 031 負けるが勝ち To lose is to win.
- 032 急いては事を仕損じる Haste ruins the work.
- 033 短気は損気 A short temper is a losing temper.
- 034 笑う門には福来る Fortune comes to homes that laugh.
- 035 病は気から Illness starts with the spirits.
- 036 類は友を呼ぶ Like calls to like.
- 037 朱に交われば赤くなる Touch vermilion and you turn red.
- 038 情けは人のためならず Kindness is never wasted.
- 039 遠くの親戚より近くの他人 A close neighbor beats a distant relative.
- 040 二兎を追う者は一兎をも得ず He who chases two hares catches neither.
- 041 蛙の子は蛙 The child of a frog is a frog.
- 042 鳶が鷹を生む A kite can give birth to a hawk.
- 043 灯台下暗し The base of the lamp stands in darkness.
- 044 医者の不養生 The doctor neglects his own health.
- 045 紺屋の白袴 The dyer wears an undyed hakama.
- 046 餅は餅屋 For rice cakes, go to the rice-cake maker.
- 047 芸は身を助ける A skill always ends up helping.
- 048 無くて七癖 Even those who think they have none have seven quirks.
- 049 十人十色 Ten people, ten colors.
- 050 蓼食う虫も好き好き Some insects even relish the bitter knotweed.
- 051 住めば都 Where you live becomes the capital.
- 052 郷に入っては郷に従え In the village, follow the village ways.
- 053 旅は道連れ世は情け On a journey, a companion; in life, kindness.
- 054 可愛い子には旅をさせよ Send the child you cherish on a journey.
- 055 親の心子知らず The child does not know the parent's heart.
- 056 子は鎹 A child is the clamp of the home.
- 057 目は口ほどに物を言う The eyes speak as much as the mouth.
- 058 口は災いの元 The mouth is the source of misfortune.
- 059 言わぬが花 Not saying is the flower.
- 060 良薬は口に苦し Good medicine is bitter in the mouth.
- 061 馬子にも衣装 Clothes dress up even a stable hand.
- 062 人は見かけによらぬもの People are not what they seem.
- 063 武士は食わねど高楊枝 Even unfed, the samurai holds his toothpick high.
- 064 早起きは三文の徳 Early rising earns three coins of profit.
- 065 時は金なり Time is money.
- 066 光陰矢の如し Time flies like an arrow.
- 067 歳月人を待たず The years wait for no one.
- 068 一期一会 One life, one meeting.
- 069 一石二鳥 One stone, two birds.
- 070 一日一善 Each day, one good deed.
- 071 明日は明日の風が吹く Tomorrow, tomorrow's wind will blow.
- 072 棚からぼた餅 A rice cake fallen from the shelf.
- 073 渡りに船 A boat just when you need to cross.
- 074 案ずるより産むが易し Doing is easier than fearing.
- 075 百害あって一利なし A hundred harms, not one benefit.
- 076 人間万事塞翁が馬 Everything in life is like the old man's horse.
- 077 雨降って地固まる After the rain, the ground hardens.
- 078 待てば海路の日和あり Wait, and fair weather will come for the crossing.
- 079 千丈の堤も蟻の一穴から The tallest dike fails through an ant's hole.
- 080 大器晩成 Great vessels take long to complete.
- 081 為せば成る、為さねば成らぬ、何事も Act, and it will be done; do not act, and it will not — in all things.
- 082 我、事において後悔せず In my deeds, I know no regret.
- 083 蒔かぬ種は生えぬ The unsown seed does not grow.
- 084 楽あれば苦あり、苦あれば楽あり After ease comes hardship, after hardship comes ease.
- 085 縁の下の力持ち The strong one beneath the veranda.
- 086 二度あることは三度ある What happens twice will happen three times.
- 087 三度目の正直 The third time is the charm.
- 088 聞くは一時の恥、聞かぬは一生の恥 To ask is a moment's shame; not to ask is a lifetime's shame.
- 089 人の振り見て我が振り直せ Watch others' conduct and mend your own.
- 090 我が身をつねって人の痛さを知れ Pinch yourself to know another's pain.
- 091 魚心あれば水心 If the fish loves the water, the water will love the fish.
- 092 持ちつ持たれつ Carrying each other.
- 093 亀の甲より年の功 Better than the tortoise's shell, the merit of years.
- 094 負うた子に教えられて浅瀬を渡る The child on your back shows you the ford.
- 095 昔取った杵柄 The pestle handle of long ago.
- 096 器用貧乏 Skilled at everything, rich in nothing.
- 097 帯に短し襷に長し Too short for a sash, too long for a sleeve cord.
- 098 海老で鯛を釣る Catching a sea bream with a shrimp.
- 099 損して得取れ Accept a loss to gain later.
- 100 安物買いの銭失い Buying cheap is losing your money.
- 101 月に叢雲、花に風 Over the moon, gathering clouds; over blossoms, wind.
- 102 柳に雪折れなし Snow does not break the willow.
- 103 柳の下にいつも泥鰌はいない There is not always a loach under the willow.
- 104 山高きが故に貴からず A mountain is not noble because it is tall.
- 105 風が吹けば桶屋が儲かる When the wind blows, the bucket maker prospers.
- 106 秋の日は釣瓶落とし The autumn sun drops like a well bucket.
- 107 物言えば唇寒し秋の風 As soon as words are spoken, the lips feel cold — autumn wind.
- 108 月日は百代の過客にして The days and months are travelers of a hundred generations.
- 109 ゆく河の流れは絶えずして、しかももとの水にあらず The river flows on and on, and yet the water is never the same.
- 110 雪は天から送られた手紙である Snow is a letter sent from the sky.
- 111 花は盛りに、月は隈なきをのみ見るものかは Should we look at blossoms only in full bloom, at the moon only when it is clear?
- 112 一寸先は闇 One inch ahead lies darkness.
- 113 一寸の虫にも五分の魂 Even a one-inch insect has half an inch of spirit.
- 114 鉄は熱いうちに打て Strike while the iron is hot.
- 115 隣の花は赤い The neighbor's flowers are redder.
- 116 足るを知る Know what is enough.
- 117 起きて半畳、寝て一畳 Standing, half a tatami; lying, one tatami.
- 118 腹八分目に医者いらず A stomach eight-tenths full needs no doctor.
- 119 過ぎたるは猶及ばざるが如し Too much is as bad as too little.
- 120 一事が万事 One thing tells all things.
- 121 隗より始めよ Begin with Kai.
- 122 百里を行く者は九十を半ばとす He who travels a hundred leagues counts ninety as halfway.
- 123 商いは牛の涎 Trade is like an ox's drool.
- 124 敵に塩を送る Sending salt to one's enemy.
- 125 勝って兜の緒を締めよ After victory, tighten your helmet cords.
- 126 一葉落ちて天下の秋を知る One leaf falls, and we know autumn is coming to the world.
- 127 大は小を兼ねる The large holds the small.
- 128 宝の持ち腐れ A treasure left to rot.
- 129 下手の横好き Unskilled, but devoted.
- 130 不言実行 Act without announcing.
- 131 切磋琢磨 Carving and polishing one another.
- 132 一意専心 One aim, whole heart.
- 133 初志貫徹 Carry your first resolve through to the end.
- 134 臥薪嘗胆 Sleeping on firewood, tasting gall.
- 135 晴耕雨読 Plow when it shines, read when it rains.
- 136 花鳥風月 Flowers, birds, wind, moon.
- 137 明鏡止水 Clear mirror, still water.
- 138 雲外蒼天 Beyond the clouds, blue sky.
- 139 誠心誠意 With whole heart, in full sincerity.
- 140 質実剛健 Sincere simplicity, quiet strength.
- 141 和を以て貴しとなす Hold harmony as the precious thing.
- 142 頭隠して尻隠さず Hiding the head but not the rear.
- 143 二階から目薬 Eye drops from the second floor.
- 144 焼け石に水 Water on a burning stone.
- 145 泣きっ面に蜂 A bee on a tear-streaked face.
- 146 渡る世間に鬼はない Across the wide world, there are no demons.
- 147 馬が合う Getting along like rider and horse.
- 148 竹馬の友 Friends of the bamboo stilts.
- 149 船頭多くして船山に上る Too many boatmen pull the boat up the mountain.
- 150 一を聞いて十を知る Hear one, understand ten.
- 151 学問に王道なし There is no royal road to learning.
- 152 玉磨かざれば光なし Unpolished jade does not shine.
- 153 愚公、山を移す The old fool moves the mountain.
- 154 苦は楽の種 Hardship is the seed of joy.
- 155 若い時の苦労は買ってでもせよ The hardships of youth — buy them if you must.
- 156 山あり谷あり There are mountains, there are valleys.
- 157 日進月歩 Advance daily, progress monthly.
- 158 身から出た錆 Rust comes from the blade itself.
- 159 一年の計は元旦にあり The year's plan is drawn on New Year's morning.
- 160 古池や蛙飛び込む水の音 Old pond — a frog leaps in, sound of water.
- 161 閑さや岩にしみ入る蝉の声 Such stillness — the cicadas' cry sinks into the rocks.
- 162 五月雨をあつめて早し最上川 Gathering the rains of June, how swiftly flows the Mogami.
- 163 やせ蛙負けるな一茶これにあり Skinny frog, do not give up — Issa is here.
- 164 雀の子そこのけそこのけお馬が通る Little sparrows, make way, make way! The horse is passing.
- 165 朝顔に釣瓶とられてもらい水 A morning glory has claimed my well bucket — I beg water next door.
- 166 名月を取ってくれろと泣く子かな "Catch me the moon!" cries the child.
- 167 春の海ひねもすのたりのたりかな The spring sea — all day long it swells and gently swells.
- 168 菜の花や月は東に日は西に Field of rapeseed — the moon in the east, the sun in the west.
- 169 乗りかかった船 The boat already boarded.
- 170 喉元過ぎれば熱さを忘れる Once past the throat, the burn is forgotten.
- 171 火のない所に煙は立たぬ No smoke rises where there is no fire.
- 172 悪銭身に付かず Ill-gotten money does not stay.
- 173 正直は一生の宝 Honesty is the treasure of a lifetime.
- 174 嘘つきは泥棒の始まり Lying is the beginning of theft.
- 175 花七日 Blossoms last seven days.
- 176 明日の百より今日の五十 Better fifty today than a hundred tomorrow.
- 177 遠慮なければ近憂あり Without far sight, near sorrows.
- 178 義を見てせざるは勇なきなり To see what is right and not do it is to lack courage.
- 179 過ちて改めざる、是を過ちという The real fault is not to mend one's fault.
- 180 千慮の一失 In a thousand thoughts, one slip.
- 181 秋深き隣は何をする人ぞ Deep autumn — my neighbor, how does he live?
- 182 虎穴に入らずんば虎子を得ず You cannot take the tiger's cub without entering its den.
- 183 当たって砕けろ Charge, even if you shatter.
- 184 九死に一生を得る To gain one life out of nine deaths.
- 185 起死回生 Bringing back to life what seemed dead.
- 186 心機一転 A full turn of the heart.
- 187 捲土重来 Returning in a cloud of dust.
- 188 不撓不屈 Unbending, unbroken.
- 189 一念岩をも通す A resolute will pierces even rock.
- 190 押してもだめなら引いてみな If pushing fails, try pulling.
- 191 窮すれば通ず At the dead end, a way opens.
- 192 止まない雨はない There is no rain that does not stop.
- 193 逃げるが勝ち Knowing when to withdraw is winning.
- 194 三十六計逃げるに如かず Of the thirty-six stratagems, retreat is the finest.
- 195 犬も歩けば棒に当たる Even a walking dog runs into something.
- 196 蝸牛そろそろ登れ富士の山 Little snail, climb, ever so slowly, Mount Fuji.
- 197 積小為大 Accumulating the small builds the great.
- 198 千日の稽古を鍛とし、万日の稽古を錬とす A thousand days of practice to forge; ten thousand to polish.
- 199 身を浅く思い、世を深く思う Think lightly of yourself, think deeply of the world.
- 200 人の一生は重荷を負うて遠き道を行くが如し A man's life is a long road walked under a burden; there is no need to hurry.
- 201 人は城、人は石垣、人は堀 People are the castle, people are the walls, people are the moat.
- 202 泰然自若 Calm and equal to oneself, whatever happens.
- 203 独立独歩 Standing on one's own, walking at one's own pace.
- 204 付和雷同 Echoing the thunder without an opinion of one's own.
- 205 蛙の面に水 Water on a frog's face.
- 206 人の噂も七十五日 A rumor lives but seventy-five days.
- 207 勝負は時の運 The outcome of a contest belongs also to the hour.
- 208 水に流す Let the water carry it away.
- 209 夏草や兵どもが夢の跡 Summer grasses — all that remains of warriors' dreams.
- 210 旅に病んで夢は枯野をかけ廻る Sick on a journey — my dreams go wandering still over withered fields.
- 211 名月や池をめぐりて夜もすがら Harvest moon — all night long I paced around the pond.
- 212 山路来て何やらゆかしすみれ草 Mountain path — something quietly moving: a wild violet.
- 213 荒海や佐渡によこたふ天河 Wild sea — stretched over Sado Island, the River of Heaven.
- 214 梅が香にのつと日の出る山路かな Plum blossom scent — and suddenly the sun appears on the mountain path.
- 215 行く春や鳥啼き魚の目は泪 Departing spring — birds cry, and there are tears in the eyes of fish.
- 216 枯朶に烏のとまりけり秋の暮 On a bare branch a crow has settled — autumn evening.
- 217 初しぐれ猿も小蓑をほしげ也 First winter rain — the monkey too seems to wish for a little straw coat.
- 218 雲の峰幾つ崩れて月の山 How many cloud peaks have crumbled away — and here, the mountain under the moon.
- 219 この道や行く人なしに秋の暮 This road — no one else walks it. Autumn evening.
- 220 雪とけて村いっぱいの子どもかな Snow has melted — the village is full of children.
- 221 めでたさも中位なりおらが春 A happiness about medium, I'd say — my own New Year.
- 222 我と来て遊べや親のない雀 Come and play with me, sparrow without parents.
- 223 やれ打つな蠅が手をすり足をする Don't swat it! The fly wrings its hands, wrings its feet.
- 224 うまさうな雪がふうはりふはりかな How delicious it looks, the falling snow — softly, fluffily down.
- 225 五月雨や大河を前に家二軒 June rains — facing the swollen river, two houses.
- 226 夏河を越すうれしさよ手に草履 What happiness, crossing the summer river, sandals in hand!
- 227 朝顔や一輪深き淵の色 A morning glory — one single bloom, the blue of a deep abyss.
- 228 不二ひとつうづみ残して若葉かな The young leaves have buried everything — except, alone, Mount Fuji.
- 229 釣鐘にとまりて眠る胡蝶かな On the great bell, alighted, sleeping, a butterfly.
- 230 いくたびも雪の深さを尋ねけり Again and again I ask: the snow, how deep is it now?
- 231 鶏頭の十四五本もありぬべし Cockscombs — there must be fourteen, maybe fifteen.
- 232 春や昔十五万石の城下かな Spring — long ago, a proud castle town of a hundred fifty thousand koku.
- 233 夏嵐机上の白紙飛び尽す Summer gale — every blank page on the desk blown away.
- 234 分け入っても分け入っても青い山 However deep I go, and deeper still — blue mountains.
- 235 臨機応変 Answering the moment as it comes.
- 236 適材適所 The right timber in the right place.
- 237 千載一遇 One meeting in a thousand years.
- 238 有終の美 The beauty of a completed ending.
- 239 単刀直入 Entering alone, blade drawn, straight to the point.
- 240 我田引水 Drawing the water to one's own rice field.
- 241 本末転倒 Mistaking the branch for the root.
- 242 自画自賛 Writing the praise of one's own painting.
- 243 呉越同舟 Enemies of Wu and Yue in the same boat.
- 244 疑心暗鬼 Suspicion fills the dark with phantoms.
- 245 五里霧中 Lost in five leagues of fog.
- 246 竜頭蛇尾 Dragon's head, snake's tail.
- 247 画竜点睛 Painting the dragon's pupil.
- 248 蛇足 Legs on a snake.
- 249 矛盾 The spear and the shield.
- 250 朝三暮四 Three in the morning, four at night.
- 251 粉骨砕身 Grinding one's bones, crushing one's body.
- 252 文武両道 The pen and the sword, both ways.
- 253 二人三脚 Two people, three legs.
- 254 首尾一貫 One single thread, from head to tail.
- 255 手前味噌 Praising one's own miso.
- 256 猫の手も借りたい One would even borrow the cat's paws.
- 257 月とすっぽん The moon and the pond turtle.
- 258 骨折り損のくたびれ儲け For all the gain of one's pains: exhaustion.
- 259 泥棒を捕らえて縄を綯う Braiding the rope after catching the thief.
- 260 立て板に水 Water on an upright board.
- 261 馬耳東風 Spring wind in a horse's ears.
- 262 高嶺の花 The flower on the high peak.
- 263 見ぬが花 What remains unseen is the flower.
- 264 会うは別れの始め To meet is to begin to part.
- 265 無理が通れば道理引っ込む When abuse passes, reason withdraws.
- 266 泣く子と地頭には勝てぬ Against a crying child and a local lord, no one wins.
- 267 残り物には福がある There is fortune in what remains.
- 268 腹が減っては戦ができぬ An empty stomach fights no battle.
- 269 花は折りたし梢は高し One longs to pick the flower, but the branch is high.
- 270 目は心の鏡 The eyes are the mirror of the heart.
- 271 名は体を表す The name reveals the thing.
- 272 六十の手習い Learning calligraphy at sixty.
- 273 世間は広いようで狭い The world seems wide, and it is small.
- 274 明日は我が身 Tomorrow, it may be me.
- 275 長い物には巻かれろ Let yourself be wrapped by what is longer than you.
- 276 六日の菖蒲、十日の菊 Iris on the sixth, chrysanthemum on the tenth: one day too late.
- 277 笑いは人の薬 Laughter is people's medicine.
- 278 頭の上の蠅を追え First chase the flies above your own head.
- 279 口八丁手八丁 Skilled of tongue, skilled of hand.
- 280 読み書きそろばん Reading, writing, arithmetic.
- 281 雪月花 Snow, moon, flowers.
- 282 三日坊主 A three-day monk.
- 283 学びて思わざれば則ち罔し Learning without thinking leads only to darkness.
- 284 己の欲せざる所は人に施すことなかれ Do not do to others what you would not wish for yourself.
- 285 一寸の光陰軽んずべからず Do not count an inch of time as nothing.
- 286 春はあけぼの In spring, it is the dawn.
- 287 家の作りやうは夏をむねとすべし Let a house be designed for summer.
- 288 少しのことにも先達はあらまほしきことなり Even in small things, a guide is desirable.
- 289 よどみに浮かぶうたかたは、かつ消えかつ結びて、久しくとどまりたるためしなし The foam floating on still water dissolves here, reforms there, and never lingers long.
- 290 やまとうたは、人の心を種として、万の言の葉とぞなれりける Japanese poetry has the human heart as its seed, from which grow myriad leaves of words.
- 291 花の色は移りにけりないたづらに我が身世にふるながめせしまに The color of the flowers has faded, while I watched the long rains fall — and my life go by.
- 292 田子の浦にうち出でて見れば白妙の富士の高嶺に雪は降りつつ Coming out upon Tago Bay, I see: on Fuji's high peak, white, the snow still falling.
- 293 秋の田のかりほの庵の苫をあらみ我が衣手は露にぬれつつ In the harvest-watch hut by the autumn fields, its rush roof loose, my sleeves grow wet with dew.
- 294 智に働けば角が立つ。情に棹させば流される。意地を通せば窮屈だ。 Act on reason, and you grow sharp-cornered. Pole along feeling, and you are swept away. Force your will, and you are cramped. Decidedly, the human world is hard to live in.
- 295 雨ニモマケズ 風ニモマケズ Yielding neither to the rain, nor to the wind.
- 296 家は漏らぬほど、食事は飢えぬほどにて足る事なり A house that does not leak, meals that end hunger: that is enough.
- 297 秘すれば花 Kept hidden, it becomes the flower.
- 298 天は人の上に人を造らず人の下に人を造らず Heaven creates no man above other men, nor any man below.
- 299 国破れて山河あり The country is broken; mountains and rivers remain.
- 300 初心の花を忘るべからず Do not forget the flower of your beginnings.
- 301 われ、ただ足るを知る I know only what is enough.
- 302 一日一歩、三日で三歩 One step a day: in three days, three steps.
- 303 実るまで待つのも修行 Waiting for ripening is also part of the training.
- 304 蒔かれた場所で咲きなさい Bloom where you were sown.